We can represent conformations in saw horse projections or Newman projections or wedge and dash projections In saw horse projection the molecule is viewed along the molecular axis.

Draw the C – C bond as a straight line some what bigger with upper end slightly tilted to right or left side. Front carbon shown at the lower end and back carbon at the upper end. Each carbon has. Three line attached to three hydrogen atoms which are inclined at angle 120o In Newman projection the molecule is viewed at the C – C bond head on . The nearer carbon atom is represented by a point and the there hydrogen by Three lines drawn at an angle 120o and the rear carbon atom is represented by a circle and the three hydrogen as there shorter lines which are drawn at an angles 1200 to each other.In staggered the electron clouds of carbon hydrogen bonds are as far apart as possible.

So minimum repulsion forces and maximum energy stability of the molecule In eclipsed the electron clouds of carbon – hydrogen bonds are closer to each other so maximum repulsive forces called torsional strain whose magnitude depends on the angle of station about C – C bond. This angle is called dihedral angle or torsional angle.

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